A new scientific research paper published yesterday suggests that prescribed burning, including muirburn on grouse moors, continues to ‘fall short of sustainable practices’.
The research was authored by scientists at the RSPB and was published in the peer-reviewed journal Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation:
Annual extent of prescribed burning on moorland in Great Britain and overlap with ecosystem services (Shewring et al. 2024).
The paper presents an assessment of the annual extent of prescribed burning occurring on moorland in Great Britain (2017-2022) and further assesses the overlap of burning with key upland ecosystem services. Using high resolution satellite images of the GB uplands for five consecutive burning seasons, the authors developed a semi-automated method to detect and map the new burn scars in moorland vegetation.
This new method has enabled a more rapid assessment of the annual amount of burning that occurred across the GB uplands over five burning seasons (2017/18 to 2021/22) and further allowed researchers to look at where burning is coincident with known fire-sensitive features (e.g. peat soils, protected areas, steep ground and alpine habitats).
The study detected burning in many protected areas, with those in the North of England, and especially the North York Moors SAC/ SPA, subject to the highest percentage area burned.
Over these five burning seasons, an average of 15,250 ha of vegetation was burnt each year (59% of GB burned area was in Scotland with 39% in England).
In England, the area mapped as burnt during the 2021/22 burning season dropped to 1,859 ha, a decline of 73% when compared with the average of the four previous burning seasons – a pattern not repeated for Scotland.
The decline in the overall area burnt in England during the 2021/22 burning season is coincident with the new Heather and Grass etc Burning (England) Regulations that came into force in May 2021. Researchers will now use the method to map the extent of burning for the last two burning seasons in England to see if the decline has continued.
I’m sure it’ll also come in handy for monitoring the forthcoming adherence to the new regulations under the Wildlife Management & Muirburn (Scotland) Act. It’s easy to hide away evidence of illegal raptor persecution – not so easy to hide evidence of illegal muirburn.
Clearly any decline in burning on sensitive features like peatlands is welcome. However, despite the decline in the area burnt in England during the 2021/22 burning season, the study still found that 41% of the area mapped as burnt was on deep peat. These findings are consistent with the reports of burning the RSPB receive via its burning app, with one-third of reports received apparently of fires on deep peat.
Last year, two grouse moor owners were convicted for burning on deep peat in protected areas, one in the Peak District (here) and one in Nidderdale; embarrassingly, that estate was owned by a Board member of the Moorland Association (here).
For further summary information about this latest research I’d recommend this blog written by the lead author Mike Shewring, and this blog by co-author Pat Thompson.
The full paper can be read/downloaded here:











